Austria
Republic of Austria
Population
9.17M
Area
83,871 km²
GDP
$521.64B
GDP Per Capita
$63,300
Pop. Density
109/km²
Quick Facts
Currency
€euro(EUR)
Calling Code
+43
Timezone
UTC+01:00
Languages
German
Driving Side
right
Demonym
Austrian
Background
Historical Trends
GDP (USD)
↑60.2% since 2006Population
↑11.0% since 2006Life Expectancy at Birth
Latest: 81.5 yearsData source: World Bank Open Data
Geography20
Location
Central Europe, north of Italy and Slovenia
Geographic coordinates
47 20 N, 13 20 E
Map references
Europe
Area
land: 82,445 sq km
water: 1,426 sq km
Area - comparative
about the size of South Carolina; slightly more than two-thirds the size of Pennsylvania
Land boundaries
border countries: Czech Republic 402 km; Germany 801 km; Hungary 321 km; Italy 404 km; Liechtenstein 34 km; Slovakia 105 km; Slovenia 299 km; Switzerland 158 km
Coastline
0 km (landlocked)
Maritime claims
none (landlocked)
Climate
temperate; continental, cloudy; cold winters with frequent rain and some snow in lowlands and snow in mountains; moderate summers with occasional showers
Terrain
mostly mountains (Alps) in the west and south; mostly flat or gently sloping along the eastern and northern margins
Elevation
lowest point: Neusiedler See 115 m
mean elevation: 910 m
Natural resources
oil, coal, lignite, timber, iron ore, copper, zinc, antimony, magnesite, tungsten, graphite, salt, hydropower
Land use
agricultural land
agricultural land: arable land
agricultural land: permanent crops
agricultural land: permanent pasture
forest
other
Irrigated land
382 sq km (2016)
Major lakes (area sq km)
Major rivers (by length in km)
note: [s] after country name indicates river source; [m] after country name indicates river mouth
Major watersheds (area sq km)
Population distribution
the northern and eastern portions of the country are more densely populated; nearly two thirds of the populace lives in urban areas
Natural hazards
landslides; avalanches; earthquakes
Geography - note
note 2: the world's largest and longest ice cave system at 42 km (26 mi) is the Eisriesenwelt (Ice Giants World) inside the Hochkogel mountain near Werfen, about 40 km south of Salzburg; ice caves are bedrock caves that contain year-round ice formations; they differ from glacial caves, which are transient and are formed by melting ice and flowing water within and under glaciers
People & Society32
Population
male: 4,471,802
female: 4,702,588
Nationality
adjective: Austrian
Ethnic groups
Austrian 80.8%, German 2.6%, Bosnian and Herzegovinian 1.9%, Turkish 1.8%, Serbian 1.6%, Romanian 1.3%, other 10% (2018 est.)
Languages
major-language sample(s):
Das World Factbook, die unverzichtbare Quelle für grundlegende Informationen. (German)
The World Factbook, the indispensable source for basic information.
Religions
Roman Catholic 55.2%, Muslim 8.3%, Orthodox 4.9%, Evangelical Christian 3.8%, Jewish 0.1%, other 5.4%, none 22.4% (2021 est.)
Age structure
15-64 years: 64.7% (male 2,904,587/female 2,898,339)
65 years and over: 21.2% (2024 est.) (male 839,672/female 1,060,411)
Dependency ratios
youth dependency ratio: 21.8 (2025 est.)
elderly dependency ratio: 32.5 (2025 est.)
potential support ratio: 3.1 (2025 est.)
Median age
male: 43.6 years
female: 46.3 years
Population growth rate
0.28% (2025 est.)
Birth rate
8.81 births/1,000 population (2025 est.)
Death rate
10.21 deaths/1,000 population (2025 est.)
Net migration rate
4.19 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2025 est.)
Population distribution
the northern and eastern portions of the country are more densely populated; nearly two thirds of the populace lives in urban areas
Urbanization
rate of urbanization: 0.68% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)
Major urban areas - population
1.975 million VIENNA (capital) (2023)
Sex ratio
0-14 years: 1.05 male(s)/female
15-64 years: 1 male(s)/female
65 years and over: 0.79 male(s)/female
total population: 0.96 male(s)/female (2024 est.)
Mother's mean age at first birth
29.7 years (2020 est.)
Maternal mortality ratio
6 deaths/100,000 live births (2023 est.)
Infant mortality rate
male: 3.6 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 2.7 deaths/1,000 live births
Life expectancy at birth
male: 80.1 years
female: 85.4 years
Total fertility rate
1.35 children born/woman (2025 est.)
Gross reproduction rate
0.66 (2025 est.)
Drinking water source
improved: urban
improved: rural
improved: total
unimproved: urban
unimproved: rural
unimproved: total
Health expenditure
Health expenditure (as % of national budget): 16.3% of national budget (2022 est.)
Physician density
5.52 physicians/1,000 population (2023)
Hospital bed density
7.1 beds/1,000 population (2020 est.)
Sanitation facility access
improved: urban
improved: rural
improved: total
unimproved: urban
unimproved: rural
unimproved: total
Obesity - adult prevalence rate
20.1% (2016)
Alcohol consumption per capita
beer: 6.3 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
wine: 3.7 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
spirits: 1.9 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
other alcohols: 0 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
Tobacco use
male: 21.1% (2025 est.)
female: 18.3% (2025 est.)
Education expenditure
Education expenditure (% national budget): 9.9% national budget (2022 est.)
School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education)
male: 16 years (2023 est.)
female: 17 years (2023 est.)
Government25
Country name
conventional short form: Austria
local long form: Republik Oesterreich
local short form: Oesterreich
etymology: the name Oesterreich means "eastern realm" and dates to the 10th century; the designation refers to the fact that Austria was the easternmost extension of Bavaria and the German peoples; the word Austria is a Latinization of the German name
Government type
federal parliamentary republic
Capital
geographic coordinates: 48 12 N, 16 22 E
time difference: UTC+1 (6 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)
daylight saving time: +1hr, begins last Sunday in March; ends last Sunday in October
etymology: the name may have evolved from the Roman name Vindobona, which was taken from the Celtic words vindo (white) and bona (fort)
Administrative divisions
Legal system
civil law system; Constitutional Court reviews legislative acts
Constitution
amendment process: proposed through laws designated "constitutional laws" or through the constitutional process if the amendment is part of another law; approval required by at least a two-thirds majority vote by the National Assembly and the presence of one-half of the members; a referendum is required only if requested by one-third of the National Council or Federal Council membership; passage by referendum requires absolute majority vote
International law organization participation
accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction; accepts ICCt jurisdiction
Citizenship
citizenship by descent only: at least one parent must be a citizen of Austria
dual citizenship recognized: no
residency requirement for naturalization: 10 years
Suffrage
16 years of age; universal
Executive branch
chief of state
head of government
cabinet
election/appointment process
most recent election date
election results
2022: Alexander VAN DER BELLEN reelected in first round; percent of vote - Alexander VAN DER BELLEN (independent) 56.7%, Walter ROSENKRANZ (FPO) 17.7%, Dominik WLAZNY (Beer Party) 8.3%, Tassilo WALLENTIN (independent) 8.1%, Gerald GROSZ (independent) 5.6%
2016: Alexander VAN DER BELLEN elected in second round; percent of vote in first round - Norbert HOFER (FPOe) 35.1%, Alexander VAN DER BELLEN (independent, allied with the Greens) 21.3%, Irmgard GRISS (independent) 18.9%, Rudolf HUNDSTORFER (SPOe) 11.3%, Andreas KHOL (OeVP) 11.1%, Richard LUGNER (independent) 2.3%; percent of vote in second round - Alexander VAN DER BELLEN 53.8%, Norbert HOFER 46.2%
expected date of next election
Legislative branch
legislative structure: bicameral
Legislative branch - lower chamber
chamber name
number of seats
electoral system
scope of elections
term in office
most recent election date
parties elected and seats per party
percentage of women in chamber
expected date of next election
Legislative branch - upper chamber
number of seats: 60 (all indirectly elected)
parties elected and seats per party: People's Party (OVP) (22); Social Democratic Party (SPO) (18); Freedom Party (16); Greens (3); NEOS (New Austria) (1)
percentage of women in chamber: 46.7%
Judicial branch
judge selection and term of office: Supreme Court judges nominated by executive branch departments and appointed by the president; judges serve for life; Constitutional Court judges nominated by several executive branch departments and approved by the president; judges serve for life; Administrative Court judges recommended by executive branch departments and appointed by the president; terms of judges and members determined by the president
subordinate courts: Courts of Appeal (4); Regional Courts (20); district courts (120); county courts
Political parties
Freedom Party of Austria or FPOe
The Greens - The Green Alternative
NEOS - The New Austria and Liberal Forum
Social Democratic Party of Austria or SPOe
Diplomatic representation in the US
chief of mission
chancery
telephone
FAX
email address and website
washington-ob@bmeia.gv.at
https://www.austria.org/
consulate(s) general
consulate(s)
Diplomatic representation from the US
chief of mission
embassy
mailing address
telephone
FAX
email address and website
ConsulateVienna@state.gov
https://at.usembassy.gov/
International organization participation
ADB (nonregional member), AfDB (nonregional member), Australia Group, BIS, BSEC (observer), CD, CE, CEI, CERN, EAPC, EBRD, ECB, EIB, EMU, ESA, EU, FAO, FATF, G-9, IADB, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC (national committees), ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IEA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IGAD (partners), ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), MIGA, MINURSO, NEA, NSG, OAS (observer), OECD, OIF (observer), OPCW, OSCE, Paris Club, PCA, PFP, Schengen Convention, SELEC (observer), UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNFICYP, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNIFIL, UNOOSA, UNTSO, UNWTO, UPU, Wassenaar Arrangement, WCO, WFTU (NGOs), WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO, ZC
Independence
no official date of independence: 976 (Margravate of Austria established); 17 September 1156 (Duchy of Austria founded); 6 January 1453 (Archduchy of Austria acknowledged); 11 August 1804 (Austrian Empire proclaimed); 30 March 1867 (Austro-Hungarian dual monarchy established); 12 November 1918 (First Republic proclaimed); 27 April 1945 (Second Republic proclaimed)
National holiday
National Day (commemorates passage of the law on permanent neutrality), 26 October (1955)
Flag
history: one of the oldest national flags in the world; according to tradition, after a fierce battle in the Third Crusade in 1191, Duke Leopold V of Austria's white tunic became blood-spattered; when his sash was removed, a white band was revealed, and the red-white-red color combination was adopted as his banner
National symbol(s)
eagle, edelweiss, Alpine gentian
National color(s)
red, white
National anthem(s)
lyrics/music: Paula von PRERADOVIC/Wolfgang Amadeus MOZART or Johann HOLZER (disputed)
history: adopted 1947; Austria adopted a new national anthem after World War II to replace the former imperial anthem composed by Franz Josef HAYDN, which Germany had appropriated in 1922 and was thereafter associated with the Nazi regime; the Austrian Federal Assembly adopted a gender-neutral version of the lyrics in 2012
National heritage
selected World Heritage Site locales: Historic Salzburg (c); Palace and Gardens of Schönbrunn (c); Halstadt–Dachstein/Salzkammergut Cultural Landscape (c); Semmering railway (c); Historic Graz and Schloss Eggenberg (c); Wachau Cultural Landscape (c); Historic Vienna (c); Fertő/Neusiedlersee Cultural Landscape (c); Baden bei Wien (c); Primeval Beech Forests - Dürrenstein, Kalkalpen (n)
Economy31
Economic overview
one of the strongest EU and euro economies; diversified trade portfolios and relations; enormous trade economy; Russian energy dependence, but investing in alternative energy; aging labor force but large refugee population; large government debt
Real GDP (purchasing power parity)
Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2023: $588.031 billion (2023 est.)
Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2022: $593.701 billion (2022 est.)
Real GDP growth rate
Real GDP growth rate 2023: -1% (2023 est.)
Real GDP growth rate 2022: 5.3% (2022 est.)
Real GDP per capita
Real GDP per capita 2023: $64,400 (2023 est.)
Real GDP per capita 2022: $65,700 (2022 est.)
GDP (official exchange rate)
$521.642 billion (2024 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices)
Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2023: 7.8% (2023 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2022: 8.5% (2022 est.)
GDP - composition, by sector of origin
industry: 23.1% (2024 est.)
services: 65.3% (2024 est.)
GDP - composition, by end use
household consumption
government consumption
investment in fixed capital
investment in inventories
exports of goods and services
imports of goods and services
Agricultural products
milk, sugar beets, maize, wheat, barley, potatoes, pork, grapes, triticale, soybeans (2023)
Industries
construction, machinery, vehicles and parts, food, metals, chemicals, lumber and paper, electronics, tourism
Industrial production growth rate
-5.5% (2024 est.)
Labor force
4.768 million (2024 est.)
Unemployment rate
Unemployment rate 2023: 5.3% (2023 est.)
Unemployment rate 2022: 5% (2022 est.)
Youth unemployment rate (ages 15-24)
male: 11.4% (2024 est.)
female: 12% (2024 est.)
Population below poverty line
14.8% (2021 est.)
Gini Index coefficient - distribution of family income
Average household expenditures
on alcohol and tobacco: 3.5% of household expenditures (2023 est.)
Household income or consumption by percentage share
highest 10%: 24.6% (2022 est.)
Remittances
Remittances 2023: 0.6% of GDP (2023 est.)
Remittances 2022: 0.6% of GDP (2022 est.)
Budget
expenditures: $241.516 billion (2023 est.)
Public debt
Taxes and other revenues
25.9% (of GDP) (2023 est.)
Current account balance
Current account balance 2023: $6.783 billion (2023 est.)
Current account balance 2022: -$3.911 billion (2022 est.)
Exports
Exports 2023: $303.914 billion (2023 est.)
Exports 2022: $291.804 billion (2022 est.)
Exports - partners
Germany 25%, USA 9%, Italy 7%, Switzerland 5%, Hungary 4% (2023)
Exports - commodities
cars, packaged medicine, vaccines, vehicle parts/accessories, nitrogen compounds (2023)
Imports
Imports 2023: $293.692 billion (2023 est.)
Imports 2022: $294.324 billion (2022 est.)
Imports - partners
Germany 34%, China 7%, Italy 7%, Switzerland 5%, Czechia 4% (2023)
Imports - commodities
cars, garments, vaccines, vehicle parts/accessories, refined petroleum (2023)
Reserves of foreign exchange and gold
Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 2023: $31.212 billion (2023 est.)
Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 2022: $33.078 billion (2022 est.)
Exchange rates
Currency
Exchange rates 2024
Exchange rates 2023
Exchange rates 2022
Exchange rates 2021
Exchange rates 2020
Energy7
Electricity access
Electricity
consumption: 64.611 billion kWh (2023 est.)
exports: 21.631 billion kWh (2023 est.)
imports: 21.55 billion kWh (2023 est.)
transmission/distribution losses: 3.095 billion kWh (2023 est.)
Electricity generation sources
solar: 9% of total installed capacity (2023 est.)
wind: 11.9% of total installed capacity (2023 est.)
hydroelectricity: 56.4% of total installed capacity (2023 est.)
biomass and waste: 7.8% of total installed capacity (2023 est.)
Coal
consumption: 5.403 million metric tons (2023 est.)
exports: 2,000 metric tons (2022 est.)
imports: 4.179 million metric tons (2023 est.)
Petroleum
refined petroleum consumption: 244,000 bbl/day (2024 est.)
crude oil estimated reserves: 35.2 million barrels (2021 est.)
Natural gas
consumption: 6.971 billion cubic meters (2023 est.)
imports: 7.084 billion cubic meters (2023 est.)
proven reserves: 5.04 billion cubic meters (2021 est.)
Energy consumption per capita
Communications6
Telephones - fixed lines
subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 38 (2024 est.)
Telephones - mobile cellular
subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 124 (2024 est.)
Broadcast media
public broadcaster, Oesterreichischer Rundfunk (ORF), is a major player in the TV and radio markets; private broadcasters, cable, and satellite TV are available in most homes are widely used; some German stations carry programs for Austrian viewers; national and regional newspapers compete fiercely for readers; the print media are owned by a handful of mostly Austrian and German media groups (2023)
Internet country code
.at
Internet users
Broadband - fixed subscriptions
subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 30 (2023 est.)
Transportation5
Civil aircraft registration country code prefix
OE
Airports
62 (2025)
Heliports
112 (2025)
Railways
Merchant marine
by type: other 1
Military & Security7
Military and security forces
Austrian Armed Forces (Bundesheer): Land Forces, Air Force, Cyber Forces, Special Operations Forces, Militia (reserves) (2025)
Military expenditures
Military Expenditures 2023: 0.9% of GDP (2023 est.)
Military Expenditures 2022: 0.7% of GDP (2022 est.)
Military Expenditures 2021: 0.8% of GDP (2021 est.)
Military Expenditures 2020: 0.7% of GDP (2020 est.)
Military and security service personnel strengths
approximately 22,000 active Armed Forces (includes about 14,000 regular troops and around 8,000 reservists/militia undergoing refresher training) (2025)
Military equipment inventories and acquisitions
the military's inventory includes a mix of domestically produced and imported armaments from European countries and the US; the Austrian defense industry produces a range of equipment and partners with other countries (2025)
Military service age and obligation
registration requirement at age 17, the legal minimum age for voluntary military service; men above the age of 18 are subject to compulsory military service; women may volunteer; compulsory service is for 6 months, or optionally, alternative civil/community service (Zivildienst) for 9 months (2025)
Military deployments
210 Bosnia-Herzegovina (EUFOR stabilization force); 100 Kosovo (NATO/KFOR); 160 Lebanon (UNIFIL) (2025)
Military - note
the Austrian military contributes to international peacekeeping and humanitarian missions; Austria has been constitutionally militarily non-aligned since 1955 but is an EU member and actively participates in EU peacekeeping and crisis management operations under the EU Common Security and Defense Policy; Austria is not a member of NATO but joined NATO’s Partnership for Peace framework in 1995 and participates in some NATO-led crisis management and peacekeeping operations; more than 100,000 Austrian military and civilian personnel have taken part in more than 50 international peace support and humanitarian missions since 1960 (2025)
Transnational Issues1
Refugees and internally displaced persons
stateless persons: 3,919 (2024 est.)