Bermuda
Population
72.8K
Area
54 km²
GDP
$8.98B
GDP Per Capita
$105,300
Pop. Density
1,348/km²
Quick Facts
Currency
$Bermudian dollar(BMD)
Calling Code
+1441
Timezone
UTC-04:00
Languages
English
Driving Side
left
Demonym
Bermudian
Background
Historical Trends
GDP (USD)
↑50.3% since 2006Population
↑2.9% since 2006Life Expectancy at Birth
Latest: 82.3 yearsData source: World Bank Open Data
Geography17
Location
North America, group of islands in the North Atlantic Ocean, east of South Carolina (US)
Geographic coordinates
32 20 N, 64 45 W
Map references
North America
Area
land: 54 sq km
water: 0 sq km
Area - comparative
about one-third the size of Washington, D.C.
Land boundaries
Coastline
103 km
Maritime claims
exclusive economic zone: 200 nm
exclusive fishing zone: 200 nm
Climate
subtropical; mild, humid; gales, strong winds common in winter
Terrain
low hills separated by fertile depressions
Elevation
lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m
Natural resources
limestone, pleasant climate fostering tourism
Land use
agricultural land
agricultural land: arable land
agricultural land: permanent crops
agricultural land: permanent pasture
forest
other
Irrigated land
NA
Population distribution
relatively even population distribution throughout
Natural hazards
hurricanes (June to November)
Geography - note
the archipelago consists of over 170 coral islands and islets with ample rainfall, as well as thousands of cays, but no rivers or freshwater lakes; some land was leased by the US Government from 1941 to 1995
People & Society25
Population
male: 35,401
female: 37,399
Nationality
adjective: Bermudian
Ethnic groups
African descent 52%, White 31%, mixed 9%, Asian 4%, other 4% (2010 est.)
Languages
English (official), Portuguese
Religions
Protestant 46.2% (includes Anglican 15.8%, African Methodist Episcopal 8.6%, Seventh Day Adventist 6.7%, Pentecostal 3.5%, Methodist 2.7%, Presbyterian 2.0%, Church of God 1.6%, Baptist 1.2%, Salvation Army 1.1%, Brethren 1.0%, other Protestant 2.0%), Roman Catholic 14.5%, Jehovah's Witness 1.3%, other Christian 9.1%, Muslim 1%, other 3.9%, none 17.8%, unspecified 6.2% (2010 est.)
Age structure
15-64 years: 60.9% (male 22,247/female 22,113)
65 years and over: 22.7% (2024 est.) (male 7,021/female 9,469)
Dependency ratios
youth dependency ratio: 26.9 (2024 est.)
elderly dependency ratio: 37.2 (2024 est.)
potential support ratio: 2.7 (2024 est.)
Median age
male: 41.5 years
female: 46.3 years
Population growth rate
0.27% (2025 est.)
Birth rate
10.82 births/1,000 population (2025 est.)
Death rate
9.4 deaths/1,000 population (2025 est.)
Net migration rate
1.31 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2025 est.)
Population distribution
relatively even population distribution throughout
Urbanization
rate of urbanization: -0.2% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)
Major urban areas - population
10,000 HAMILTON (capital) (2018)
Sex ratio
0-14 years: 1.05 male(s)/female
15-64 years: 1.01 male(s)/female
65 years and over: 0.74 male(s)/female
total population: 0.95 male(s)/female (2024 est.)
Infant mortality rate
male: 2.5 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 1.8 deaths/1,000 live births
Life expectancy at birth
male: 79.4 years
female: 85.7 years
Total fertility rate
1.88 children born/woman (2025 est.)
Gross reproduction rate
0.92 (2025 est.)
Drinking water source
improved: total: total: 99.9% of population (2022 est.)
unimproved: urban: urban: 0.1% of population (2022 est.)
unimproved: total: total: 0.1% of population (2022 est.)
Sanitation facility access
improved: total: total: 99.9% of population (2022 est.)
unimproved: urban: urban: 0.1% of population (2022 est.)
unimproved: total: total: 0.1% of population (2022 est.)
Currently married women (ages 15-49)
49.7% (2016 est.)
Education expenditure
Education expenditure (% national budget): 7.8% national budget (2017 est.)
School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education)
male: 11 years (2023 est.)
female: 12 years (2023 est.)
Government26
Country name
conventional short form: Bermuda
former: Somers Islands
etymology: named after Juan de BERMUDEZ, an early 16th-century Spanish sea captain and the first European explorer of the archipelago
Government type
Overseas Territory of the UK with limited self-government; parliamentary democracy
Dependency status
overseas territory of the UK
Capital
geographic coordinates: 32 17 N, 64 47 W
time difference: UTC-4 (1 hour ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)
daylight saving time: +1hr, begins second Sunday in March; ends first Sunday in November
etymology: named after Henry HAMILTON, who served as governor of Bermuda from 1788 to 1794
Administrative divisions
9 parishes and 2 municipalities*; Devonshire, Hamilton, Hamilton*, Paget, Pembroke, Saint George*, Saint George's, Sandys, Smith's, Southampton, Warwick
Legal system
English common law
Constitution
amendment process: proposal procedure - NA; passage by an Order in Council in the UK
International law organization participation
has not submitted an ICJ jurisdiction declaration; non-party state to the ICCt
Citizenship
citizenship by descent only: at least one parent must be a citizen of the UK
dual citizenship recognized: yes
residency requirement for naturalization: 10 years
Suffrage
18 years of age; universal
Executive branch
head of government: Premier David BURT (since 19 July 2017)
cabinet: Cabinet nominated by the premier, approved by the governor
election/appointment process: the monarchy is hereditary; governor appointed by the monarch; following legislative elections, the governor usually appoints the leader of the majority party or majority coalition as the premier
Legislative branch
legislative structure: bicameral
Legislative branch - lower chamber
chamber name
number of seats
electoral system
scope of elections
term in office
most recent election date
parties elected and seats per party
percentage of women in chamber
expected date of next election
Legislative branch - upper chamber
chamber name
number of seats
term in office
most recent election date
percentage of women in chamber
expected date of next election
Judicial branch
judge selection and term of office: Court of Appeal justice appointed by the governor; justice tenure by individual appointment; Supreme Court judges nominated by the Judicial and Legal Services Commission and appointed by the governor; judge tenure based on terms of appointment
subordinate courts: commercial court (began in 2006); magistrates' courts
Political parties
One Bermuda Alliance or OBA
Progressive Labor Party or PLP
Diplomatic representation in the US
none (overseas territory of the UK)
Diplomatic representation from the US
chief of mission
embassy
mailing address
telephone
FAX
email address and website
HamiltonConsulate@state.gov
https://bm.usconsulate.gov/
consulate(s) general
International organization participation
Caricom (associate), ICC (NGOs), Interpol (subbureau), IOC, ITUC (NGOs), UPU, WCO
Independence
none (overseas territory of the UK)
National holiday
Bermuda Day, 24 May
Flag
history: the 1609 shipwreck of the "Sea Venture" led to the settling of Bermuda
National symbol(s)
red lion
National coat of arms
National anthem(s)
lyrics/music: unknown
history: official anthem, as a UK territory
National heritage
selected World Heritage Site locales: Historic Town of St. George and Related Fortifications
Economy21
Economic overview
small, tourism- and construction-based, territorial-island economy; American import and tourist destination; known offshore banking hub; increasing inflation; major re-exportation and re-importation area
Real GDP (purchasing power parity)
Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2023: $6.667 billion (2023 est.)
Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2022: $6.355 billion (2022 est.)
Real GDP growth rate
Real GDP growth rate 2023: 4.9% (2023 est.)
Real GDP growth rate 2022: 6.5% (2022 est.)
Real GDP per capita
Real GDP per capita 2023: $103,100 (2023 est.)
Real GDP per capita 2022: $98,100 (2022 est.)
GDP (official exchange rate)
$8.98 billion (2024 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices)
Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2021: 1.4% (2021 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2020: 0% (2020 est.)
GDP - composition, by sector of origin
industry: 4.6% (2023 est.)
services: 91.5% (2023 est.)
GDP - composition, by end use
household consumption
government consumption
investment in fixed capital
investment in inventories
exports of goods and services
imports of goods and services
Agricultural products
bananas, vegetables, citrus, flowers; dairy products, honey
Industries
international business, tourism, light manufacturing
Industrial production growth rate
-3.6% (2023 est.)
Remittances
Remittances 2022: 22.3% of GDP (2022 est.)
Remittances 2021: 22.7% of GDP (2021 est.)
Budget
expenditures: $1.176 billion (2017 est.)
Current account balance
Current account balance 2022: $1.135 billion (2022 est.)
Current account balance 2021: $962.258 million (2021 est.)
Exports
Exports 2022: $1.425 billion (2022 est.)
Exports 2021: $1.136 billion (2021 est.)
Exports - partners
Germany 40%, South Africa 38%, Netherlands 15%, USA 2%, Angola 2% (2023)
Exports - commodities
crude petroleum, ships, aircraft, liquor, railway cargo containers (2023)
Imports
Imports 2022: $2.235 billion (2022 est.)
Imports 2021: $1.925 billion (2021 est.)
Imports - partners
USA 38%, Cyprus 31%, UK 6%, China 6%, Canada 4% (2023)
Imports - commodities
ships, refined petroleum, railway cargo containers, packaged medicine, cars (2023)
Exchange rates
Currency
Exchange rates 2024
Exchange rates 2023
Exchange rates 2022
Exchange rates 2021
Exchange rates 2020
Energy6
Electricity access
Electricity
consumption: 590.38 million kWh (2023 est.)
transmission/distribution losses: 43.172 million kWh (2023 est.)
Electricity generation sources
biomass and waste: 1% of total installed capacity (2023 est.)
Coal
imports: 4 metric tons (2023 est.)
Petroleum
Energy consumption per capita
Communications6
Telephones - fixed lines
subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 39 (2022 est.)
Telephones - mobile cellular
subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 97 (2024 est.)
Broadcast media
3 TV stations; cable and satellite TV subscription services are available; roughly 13 radio stations operating
Internet country code
.bm
Internet users
Broadband - fixed subscriptions
subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 36 (2022 est.)
Transportation4
Civil aircraft registration country code prefix
VP-B
Airports
1 (2025)
Merchant marine
by type: container ship 15, oil tanker 8, other 99
Ports
total ports
large
medium
small
very small
size unknown
ports with oil terminals
key ports
Military & Security5
Military and security forces
Royal Bermuda Regiment; Bermuda Police Service (2025)
Military and security service personnel strengths
the Royal Bermuda Regiment has about 350 troops (2025)
Military equipment inventories and acquisitions
the Regiment is equipped with small arms (2025)
Military service age and obligation
men and women who are Commonwealth citizens and 18-45 years of age can volunteer for the Bermuda Regiment; service is for a minimum period of three years and two months from the date of enlistment; after completing their initial service, soldiers in the Regiment can choose to extend their service (2025)
Military - note
defense is the responsibility of the UK; the Royal Bermuda Regiment’s responsibilities include maritime security of Bermuda’s inshore waters, search and rescue, ceremonial duties, humanitarian/disaster assistance, security of key installations, and assisting the Bermuda Police with maintaining public order; it includes explosive ordnance disposal, diver, maritime, security police, and support units (2025)