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Flag of Saint Lucia

Saint Lucia

Central America and Caribbean Castries

Population

168.5K

Area

616 km²

GDP

$2.55B

GDP Per Capita

$24,300

Pop. Density

273/km²

Quick Facts

Currency

ƒNetherlands Antillean guilder(ANG)

Calling Code

+1721

Timezone

UTC-04:00

Languages

English, French, Dutch

Driving Side

right

Demonym

St. Maartener

Map of Saint Lucia

Background

England and France contested Saint Lucia -- with its fine natural harbor at Castries and burgeoning sugar industry -- throughout the 17th and early 18th centuries, with possession changing 14 times; it was finally ceded to the UK in 1814 and became part of the British Windward Islands colony. Even after the abolition of slavery on its plantations in 1834, Saint Lucia remained an agricultural island, dedicated to producing tropical commodity crops. In the mid-20th century, Saint Lucia joined the West Indies Federation (1958–1962) and in 1967 became one of the six members of the West Indies Associated States, with internal self-government. In 1979, Saint Lucia gained full independence.

Geography17

Location

Caribbean, island between the Caribbean Sea and North Atlantic Ocean, north of Trinidad and Tobago

Geographic coordinates

13 53 N, 60 58 W

Map references

Central America and the Caribbean

Area

total : 616 sq km
land: 606 sq km
water: 10 sq km

Area - comparative

3.5 times the size of Washington, D.C.

Land boundaries

total: 0 km

Coastline

158 km

Maritime claims

territorial sea: 12 nm
contiguous zone: 24 nm
exclusive economic zone: 200 nm
continental shelf: 200 nm or to the edge of the continental margin

Climate

tropical, moderated by northeast trade winds; dry season January to April, rainy season May to August

Terrain

volcanic and mountainous with broad, fertile valleys

Elevation

highest point: Mount Gimie 948 m
lowest point: Caribbean Sea 0 m

Natural resources

forests, sandy beaches, minerals (pumice), mineral springs, geothermal potential

Land use

agricultural land

16.3% (2023 est.)

agricultural land: arable land

arable land: 4.4% (2023 est.)

agricultural land: permanent crops

permanent crops: 11.3% (2023 est.)

agricultural land: permanent pasture

permanent pasture: 0.6% (2023 est.)

forest

53.7% (2023 est.)

other

30% (2023 est.)

Irrigated land

30 sq km (2012)

Population distribution

most of the population is found on the periphery of the island, with a larger concentration in the north around the capital of Castries

Natural hazards

hurricanes

volcanism: Mount Gimie (948 m), also known as Qualibou, is a caldera on the west of the island; the iconic twin pyramidal peaks of Gros Piton (771 m) and Petit Piton (743 m) are lava-dome remnants associated with the Soufrière volcano; there have been no historical magmatic eruptions, but a minor steam eruption in 1766 spread a thin layer of ash over a wide area; Saint Lucia is part of the volcanic-island arc of the Lesser Antilles that extends from Saba in the north to Grenada in the south

Geography - note

the twin Pitons (Gros Piton and Petit Piton), striking cone-shaped peaks south of Soufrière, are one of the scenic natural highlights of the Caribbean

People & Society31

Population

total: 168,462 (2025 est.)
male: 81,678
female: 86,784

Nationality

noun: Saint Lucian(s)
adjective: Saint Lucian

Ethnic groups

Black/African descent 85.3%, mixed 10.9%, East Indian 2.2%, other 1.6%, unspecified 0.1% (2010 est.)

Languages

English (official), Saint Lucian Creole

Religions

Roman Catholic 61.5%, Protestant 25.5% (includes Seventh Day Adventist 10.4%, Pentecostal 8.9%, Baptist 2.2%, Anglican 1.6%, Church of God 1.5%, other Protestant 0.9%), other Christian 3.4% (includes Evangelical 2.3% and Jehovah's Witness 1.1%), Rastafarian 1.9%, other 0.4%, none 5.9%, unspecified 1.4% (2010 est.)

Age structure

0-14 years: 17.9% (male 15,505/female 14,607)
15-64 years: 66.7% (male 54,260/female 57,747)
65 years and over: 15.4% (2024 est.) (male 11,752/female 14,167)

Dependency ratios

total dependency ratio: 50.9 (2025 est.)
youth dependency ratio: 26.6 (2025 est.)
elderly dependency ratio: 24.3 (2025 est.)
potential support ratio: 4.1 (2025 est.)

Median age

total: 40.4 years (2025 est.)
male: 38.4 years
female: 40.9 years

Population growth rate

0.25% (2025 est.)

Birth rate

11.17 births/1,000 population (2025 est.)

Death rate

8.41 deaths/1,000 population (2025 est.)

Net migration rate

-0.3 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2025 est.)

Population distribution

most of the population is found on the periphery of the island, with a larger concentration in the north around the capital of Castries

Urbanization

urban population: 19.2% of total population (2023)
rate of urbanization: 0.98% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)

Major urban areas - population

22,000 CASTRIES (capital) (2018)

Sex ratio

at birth: 1.06 male(s)/female
0-14 years: 1.06 male(s)/female
15-64 years: 0.94 male(s)/female
65 years and over: 0.83 male(s)/female
total population: 0.94 male(s)/female (2024 est.)

Maternal mortality ratio

44 deaths/100,000 live births (2023 est.)

Infant mortality rate

total: 11.3 deaths/1,000 live births (2025 est.)
male: 10.8 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 12.2 deaths/1,000 live births

Life expectancy at birth

total population: 79.4 years (2024 est.)
male: 76.7 years
female: 82.3 years

Total fertility rate

1.71 children born/woman (2025 est.)

Gross reproduction rate

0.83 (2025 est.)

Drinking water source

improved: urban

urban: 97.2% of population (2022 est.)

improved: rural

rural: 96.8% of population (2022 est.)

improved: total

total: 96.9% of population (2022 est.)

unimproved: urban

urban: 2.8% of population (2022 est.)

unimproved: rural

rural: 3.2% of population (2022 est.)

unimproved: total

total: 3.1% of population (2022 est.)

Health expenditure

Health expenditure (as % of GDP): 6.2% of GDP (2021)
Health expenditure (as % of national budget): 9% of national budget (2022 est.)

Physician density

4.23 physicians/1,000 population (2020)

Hospital bed density

2 beds/1,000 population (2021 est.)

Sanitation facility access

improved: urban

urban: 97.6% of population (2022 est.)

improved: rural

rural: 92.9% of population (2022 est.)

improved: total

total: 93.8% of population (2022 est.)

unimproved: urban

urban: 2.4% of population (2022 est.)

unimproved: rural

rural: 7.1% of population (2022 est.)

unimproved: total

total: 6.2% of population (2022 est.)

Obesity - adult prevalence rate

19.7% (2016)

Alcohol consumption per capita

total: 9.3 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
beer: 3.21 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
wine: 0.4 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
spirits: 5.1 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
other alcohols: 0.6 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)

Tobacco use

total: 13.1% (2025 est.)
male: 24.1% (2025 est.)
female: 2.6% (2025 est.)

Education expenditure

Education expenditure (% GDP): 3.8% of GDP (2024 est.)
Education expenditure (% national budget): 12.7% national budget (2025 est.)

School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education)

total: 13 years (2023 est.)
male: 12 years (2023 est.)
female: 13 years (2023 est.)

Government25

Country name

conventional long form: none
conventional short form: Saint Lucia
etymology: believed to be named after Saint LUCY (Sainte ALOUSIE) of Syracuse by French sailors who were shipwrecked on the island on 13 December 1502, the saint's feast day

Government type

parliamentary democracy under a constitutional monarchy; a Commonwealth realm

Capital

name: Castries
geographic coordinates: 14 00 N, 61 00 W
time difference: UTC-4 (1 hour ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)
etymology: in 1785, the village of Carenage was renamed Castries, after Charles Eugene Gabriel de La Croix de CASTRIES, who was then the French Minister of the Navy and Colonies

Administrative divisions

10 districts; Anse-la-Raye, Canaries, Castries, Choiseul, Dennery, Gros-Islet, Laborie, Micoud, Soufrière, Vieux-Fort

Legal system

English common law

Constitution

history: previous 1958, 1960 (pre-independence); latest presented 20 December 1978, effective 22 February 1979
amendment process: proposed by Parliament; passage requires at least two-thirds majority vote by the House of Assembly membership in the final reading and assent of the governor general; passage of amendments to various constitutional sections, such as those on fundamental rights and freedoms, government finances, the judiciary, and procedures for amending the constitution, require at least three-quarters majority vote by the House and assent of the governor general; passage of amendments approved by the House but rejected by the Senate require a majority of votes cast in a referendum

International law organization participation

has not submitted an ICJ jurisdiction declaration; accepts ICCt jurisdiction

Citizenship

citizenship by birth: yes
citizenship by descent only: at least one parent must be a citizen of Saint Lucia
dual citizenship recognized: yes
residency requirement for naturalization: 8 years

Suffrage

18 years of age; universal

Executive branch

chief of state: King CHARLES III (since 8 September 2022); represented by Acting Governor General Cyril Errol CHARLES (since 11 November 2021)
head of government: Prime Minister Philip J. PIERRE (since 28 July 2021)
cabinet: Cabinet appointed by the governor general on the advice of the prime minister
election/appointment process: the monarchy is hereditary; governor general appointed by the monarch; following legislative elections, the governor general usually appoints the leader of the majority party or majority coalition as prime minister; deputy prime minister also appointed by governor general

Legislative branch

legislature name: Houses of Parliament
legislative structure: bicameral

Legislative branch - lower chamber

chamber name

House of Assembly

number of seats

18 (all directly elected)

electoral system

plurality/majority

scope of elections

full renewal

term in office

5 years

most recent election date

7/26/2021

parties elected and seats per party

Saint Lucia Labour Party (SLP) (13); United Workers Party (UWP) (2); Independents (2)

percentage of women in chamber

10.5%

expected date of next election

December 2025

Legislative branch - upper chamber

chamber name

Senate

number of seats

11 (all appointed)

scope of elections

full renewal

term in office

5 years

most recent election date

8/17/2021

percentage of women in chamber

54.5%

expected date of next election

December 2025

Judicial branch

highest court(s): the Eastern Caribbean Supreme Court (ECSC) is the superior court of the Organization of Eastern Caribbean States; the ECSC is headquartered on St. Lucia and consists of the Court of Appeal -- headed by the chief justice and 4 judges -- and the High Court with 18 judges; the Court of Appeal travels to member states on a schedule to hear appeals from the High Court and subordinate courts; member of the Caribbean Court of Justice
judge selection and term of office: chief justice of Eastern Caribbean Supreme Court appointed by the British monarch; other justices and judges appointed by the Judicial and Legal Services Commission, an independent body of judicial officials; Court of Appeal justices appointed for life with mandatory retirement at age 65; High Court judges appointed for life with mandatory retirement at age 62
subordinate courts: magistrate's court

Political parties

Saint Lucia Labor Party or SLP
United Workers Party or UWP

Diplomatic representation in the US

chief of mission

Ambassador Elizabeth DARIUS-CLARKE (since 7 June 2022)

chancery

1629 K Street NW, Suite 1250, Washington, DC 20006

telephone

[1] (202) 364-6792

FAX

[1] (202) 364-6723

email address and website


embassydc@gosl.gov.lc

https://www.embassyofstlucia.org/

consulate(s) general

Miami, New York

Diplomatic representation from the US

embassy: the US does not have an embassy in Saint Lucia; the US Ambassador to Barbados is accredited to Saint Lucia

International organization participation

ACP, ACS, AOSIS, C, Caricom, CD, CDB, CELAC, FAO, G-77, IBRD, ICAO, ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, ISO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), MIGA, NAM, OAS, OECS, OIF, OPANAL, OPCW, Petrocaribe, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WCO, WFTU (NGOs), WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO

Independence

22 February 1979 (from the UK)

National holiday

Independence Day, 22 February (1979)

Flag

description: cerulean blue with a gold isosceles triangle below a black arrowhead; the upper edges of the arrowhead have a white border

meaning: blue stands for the sky and sea, gold for sunshine and prosperity, and white and black for the ethnic composition of the island; the triangles represent Gros Piton and Petit Piton, the cone-shaped volcanic plugs that are a symbol of the island

National symbol(s)

twin pitons (volcanic peaks), Saint Lucia parrot

National color(s)

cerulean blue, gold, black, white

National anthem(s)

title: "God Save the King"
lyrics/music: unknown
history: in use since 1745

National heritage

total World Heritage Sites: 1 (natural)
selected World Heritage Site locales: Pitons Management Area

Economy31

Economic overview

upper middle-income, tourism-based Caribbean island economy; environmentally fragile; energy import-dependent; major banana producer; well-educated labor force; key infrastructure, IT, and communications investments

Real GDP (purchasing power parity)

Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2024: $4.359 billion (2024 est.)
Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2023: $4.196 billion (2023 est.)
Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2022: $4.105 billion (2022 est.)

Real GDP growth rate

Real GDP growth rate 2024: 3.9% (2024 est.)
Real GDP growth rate 2023: 2.2% (2023 est.)
Real GDP growth rate 2022: 20.4% (2022 est.)

Real GDP per capita

Real GDP per capita 2024: $24,300 (2024 est.)
Real GDP per capita 2023: $23,400 (2023 est.)
Real GDP per capita 2022: $23,000 (2022 est.)

GDP (official exchange rate)

$2.549 billion (2024 est.)

Inflation rate (consumer prices)

Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2024: -0.1% (2024 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2023: 4.1% (2023 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2022: 6.4% (2022 est.)

GDP - composition, by sector of origin

agriculture: 1.1% (2024 est.)
industry: 9.8% (2024 est.)
services: 75.9% (2024 est.)

GDP - composition, by end use

household consumption

66.1% (2017 est.)

government consumption

11.2% (2017 est.)

investment in fixed capital

16.9% (2017 est.)

investment in inventories

0.1% (2017 est.)

exports of goods and services

62.7% (2017 est.)

imports of goods and services

-56.9% (2017 est.)

Agricultural products

coconuts, bananas, tropical fruits, fruits, root vegetables, plantains, vegetables, cassava, chicken, milk (2023)

Industries

tourism; clothing, assembly of electronic components, beverages, corrugated cardboard boxes, lime processing, coconut processing

Industrial production growth rate

5.6% (2024 est.)

Labor force

102,400 (2024 est.)

Unemployment rate

Unemployment rate 2024: 11% (2024 est.)
Unemployment rate 2023: 11.1% (2023 est.)
Unemployment rate 2022: 16% (2022 est.)

Youth unemployment rate (ages 15-24)

total: 29% (2024 est.)
male: 31.4% (2024 est.)
female: 26.3% (2024 est.)

Population below poverty line

25% (2015 est.)

Gini Index coefficient - distribution of family income

Gini Index coefficient - distribution of family income 2016: 51.2 (2016 est.)

Household income or consumption by percentage share

lowest 10%: 2.1% (2015 est.)
highest 10%: 34.1% (2015 est.)

Remittances

Remittances 2024: 2.5% of GDP (2024 est.)
Remittances 2023: 2.6% of GDP (2023 est.)
Remittances 2022: 2.6% of GDP (2022 est.)

Budget

revenues: $414.77 million (2017 est.)
expenditures: $351.956 million (2017 est.)

Public debt

Public debt 2016: 69.2% of GDP (2016 est.)

Taxes and other revenues

18.2% (of GDP) (2017 est.)

Current account balance

Current account balance 2024: -$64.121 million (2024 est.)
Current account balance 2023: -$38.069 million (2023 est.)
Current account balance 2022: -$83.442 million (2022 est.)

Exports

Exports 2024: $1.6 billion (2024 est.)
Exports 2023: $1.419 billion (2023 est.)
Exports 2022: $1.29 billion (2022 est.)

Exports - partners

Guyana 20%, Suriname 15%, USA 11%, Barbados 8%, Dominica 7% (2023)

Exports - commodities

refined petroleum, gravel and crushed stone, beer, liquor, paper containers (2023)

Imports

Imports 2024: $1.446 billion (2024 est.)
Imports 2023: $1.292 billion (2023 est.)
Imports 2022: $1.2 billion (2022 est.)

Imports - partners

USA 59%, Guyana 8%, Brazil 7%, China 5%, UK 3% (2023)

Imports - commodities

refined petroleum, crude petroleum, cars, poultry, plastic products (2023)

Reserves of foreign exchange and gold

Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 2024: $406.064 million (2024 est.)
Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 2023: $424.324 million (2023 est.)
Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 2022: $389.083 million (2022 est.)

Debt - external

Debt - external 2023: $901.317 million (2023 est.)

Exchange rates

Currency

East Caribbean dollars (XCD) per US dollar -

Exchange rates 2024

2.7 (2024 est.)

Exchange rates 2023

2.7 (2023 est.)

Exchange rates 2022

2.7 (2022 est.)

Exchange rates 2021

2.7 (2021 est.)

Exchange rates 2020

2.7 (2020 est.)

Energy5

Electricity access

electrification - total population: 100% (2022 est.)

Electricity

installed generating capacity: 93,000 kW (2023 est.)
consumption: 365.178 million kWh (2023 est.)
transmission/distribution losses: 31.038 million kWh (2023 est.)

Electricity generation sources

fossil fuels: 98% of total installed capacity (2023 est.)
solar: 2% of total installed capacity (2023 est.)

Petroleum

refined petroleum consumption: 4,000 bbl/day (2023 est.)

Energy consumption per capita

Total energy consumption per capita 2023: 47.522 million Btu/person (2023 est.)

Communications6

Telephones - fixed lines

total subscriptions: 31,000 (2022 est.)
subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 17 (2022 est.)

Telephones - mobile cellular

total subscriptions: 176,000 (2022 est.)
subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 99 (2022 est.)

Broadcast media

3 privately owned TV stations; 1 public TV station on a cable network; multi-channel cable TV service available; mix of state-owned and privately owned radio broadcasters with about 25 stations, including repeater transmission stations (2019)

Internet country code

.lc

Internet users

percent of population: 74% (2022 est.)

Broadband - fixed subscriptions

total: 24,000 (2022 est.)
subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 14 (2022 est.)

Transportation3

Civil aircraft registration country code prefix

J6

Airports

2 (2025)

Ports

total ports

3 (2024)

large

0

medium

0

small

2

very small

1

ports with oil terminals

2

key ports

Castries, Grand Cul de Sac Bay, Vieux Fort

Military & Security2

Military and security forces

no regular military forces; Ministry of Home Affairs, Justice, and National Security: Royal Saint Lucia Police Force (RSLPF) (2025)

Military - note

Saint Lucia has been a member of the Caribbean Regional Security System (RSS) since its creation in 1982; RSS signatories (Antigua and Barbuda, Barbados, Dominica, Grenada, Guyana, Saint Kitts, and Saint Vincent and the Grenadines) agreed to prepare contingency plans and assist one another, on request, in national emergencies, prevention of smuggling, search and rescue, immigration control, fishery protection, customs and excise control, maritime policing duties, protection of off-shore installations, pollution control, national and other disasters, and threats to national security (2025)

Transnational Issues2

Refugees and internally displaced persons

refugees: 5 (2024 est.)

Trafficking in persons

tier rating: Tier 2 Watch List — the government did not demonstrate overall increasing efforts to eliminate trafficking compared with the previous reporting period, therefore Saint Lucia was downgraded to Tier 2 Watch List; for more details, go to: https://www.state.gov/reports/2025-trafficking-in-persons-report/saint-lucia/

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